The Future of Theological Education: New Approaches to Curriculum, Degrees, and Learning

In recent years, seminaries have made many changes in their basic degree program, the Master of Divinity. This degree has traditionally prepared individuals to serve churches and is required for ordination in many denominations. The number of hours in the program have been reduced, and most schools offer a full degree online. Even so, the enrollment in MDiv programs has declined.

During the same period, Master of Arts programs have grown. Some of these have provided basic theological education for those who will serve churches in specific areas and have designations such as the MA in Christian Ministry, Christian Leadership, and Educational Ministry. Other programs are more oriented toward research and may be designated as the MA in Theological Studies or Biblical Studies. Some programs are professional in nature such as the MA in Counseling or Christian Counseling. Concentrations and options continue to multiple, but often the common denominator is that these degrees require less time than the MDiv.

In addition to these degree programs, seminaries are pursuing other models for theological education.

First, micro-credentials and certifications. These offer focused skills-based learning in areas like spiritual formation, children’s ministry, youth ministry, supervision, and administration. Some seminaries offer the option of “stacking” these certifications for an academic degree, akin to a “cafeteria” or “food court” approach.

Second, personalized learning. This involves tailoring education to individual student needs and lifestyle. A newer generation gravitates toward “design your own learning” approaches whether these lead to a degree or not.

Third, contextualized and experiential learning. Whether the student pursues an academic degree, a certificate, or personalized learning, practical application of knowledge through internships and projects will probably be part of the program.

Fourth, lifelong learning. Both professional clergy and lay leaders need “just in time” learning. For seminary graduates, no program will equip a graduate for every situation that arises on the field. Administration, counseling, strategy planning, coaching, or other skills may be required in a specific context. Lifelong learning also encourages and equips lay leaders for more effective ministry through the church.

With congregations both large and small encountering new leadership challenges, seminaries that are willing to be innovative and flexible can assist faith communities as they are on mission with God in our changing culture.

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